The DBMS must support the requirement to automatically audit account creation.

Overview

Finding ID	Version	Rule ID	IA Controls	Severity
V-52357	O112-C2-002200	SV-66573r3_rule		Medium

Description
Once an attacker establishes initial access to a system, they often attempt to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to simply create a new account. Auditing of account creation is one method and best practice for mitigating this risk. A comprehensive account management process will ensure an audit trail documents the creation of application user accounts and, as required, notifies administrators and/or application owners that they exist. Such a process greatly reduces the risk that accounts will be surreptitiously created and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. Note that user authentication and account management should be done via an enterprise-wide mechanism whenever possible. Examples of enterprise-level authentication/access mechanisms include, but are not limited to, Active Directory and LDAP. However, notwithstanding how accounts are managed, Oracle auditing must always be configured to capture account creation.

Description

Once an attacker establishes initial access to a system, they often attempt to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to simply create a new account. Auditing of account creation is one method and best practice for mitigating this risk. A comprehensive account management process will ensure an audit trail documents the creation of application user accounts and, as required, notifies administrators and/or application owners that they exist. Such a process greatly reduces the risk that accounts will be surreptitiously created and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. Note that user authentication and account management should be done via an enterprise-wide mechanism whenever possible. Examples of enterprise-level authentication/access mechanisms include, but are not limited to, Active Directory and LDAP. However, notwithstanding how accounts are managed, Oracle auditing must always be configured to capture account creation.

STIG	Date
Oracle Database 11.2g Security Technical Implementation Guide	2019-12-10

Details

Check Text ( C-54397r4_chk )
Check Oracle settings (and also OS settings, and/or enterprise-level authentication/access mechanisms settings) to determine if account creation is being audited. If account creation is not being audited by Oracle, this is a finding. To see if Oracle is configured to capture audit data, enter the following SQL*Plus command: SHOW PARAMETER AUDIT_TRAIL or the following SQL query: SELECT VALUE FROM SYS.V$PARAMETER WHERE NAME = 'audit_trail'; If Oracle returns the value 'NONE', or returns no rows, this is a finding.

Check Text ( C-54397r4_chk )

Check Oracle settings (and also OS settings, and/or enterprise-level authentication/access mechanisms settings) to determine if account creation is being audited. If account creation is not being audited by Oracle, this is a finding.

To see if Oracle is configured to capture audit data, enter the following SQL*Plus command:
SHOW PARAMETER AUDIT_TRAIL
or the following SQL query:
SELECT VALUE FROM SYS.V$PARAMETER WHERE NAME = 'audit_trail';
If Oracle returns the value 'NONE', or returns no rows, this is a finding.

Fix Text (F-57175r6_fix)
Configure Oracle to audit account creation activities. Use this query to ensure auditable events are captured: ALTER SYSTEM SET AUDIT_TRAIL= SCOPE=SPFILE; Audit trail type can be 'OS', 'DB', 'DB,EXTENDED', 'XML' or 'XML,EXTENDED'. After executing this statement, it may be necessary to shut down and restart the Oracle database. For more information on the configuration of auditing, please refer to 'Auditing Database Activity' in the Oracle Database 2 Day + Security Guide: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e10575/tdpsg_auditing.htm and 'Verifying Security Access with Auditing' in the Oracle Database Security Guide: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/network.112/e36292/auditing.htm#DBSEG006 and '27 DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT' in the Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/appdev.112/e40758/d_audit_mgmt.htm

Fix Text (F-57175r6_fix)

Configure Oracle to audit account creation activities.

Use this query to ensure auditable events are captured:
ALTER SYSTEM SET AUDIT_TRAIL= SCOPE=SPFILE;
Audit trail type can be 'OS', 'DB', 'DB,EXTENDED', 'XML' or 'XML,EXTENDED'.
After executing this statement, it may be necessary to shut down and restart the Oracle database.

For more information on the configuration of auditing, please refer to 'Auditing Database Activity' in the Oracle Database 2 Day + Security Guide:
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e10575/tdpsg_auditing.htm
and 'Verifying Security Access with Auditing' in the Oracle Database Security Guide: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/network.112/e36292/auditing.htm#DBSEG006
and '27 DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT' in the Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference:
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/appdev.112/e40758/d_audit_mgmt.htm